Oral biofilms

A biofilm is defined as “a sessile microbial community characterised by a first group of cells that irreversibly bind to a substrate or interface, embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances, which they themselves produce, and they also exhibit an altered phenotype with respect to their growth rate and gene expression”. These structures are not passive cell aggregates, but rather dynamic and structurally complex biological systems. This lifestyle allows them to survive in hostile oligotrophic environments, optimising the uptake and distribution of nutrients among the individuals in the community. It also provides them: i) protection against toxins and biocides and ii) enhanced capacity for individuals to perform metabolic and genetic exchange.

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